In ultimi ani necesitatea unor aparate specializate in operatiuni LAAR, CO-IN, precum si antrenamentul avansat al pilotilor de supersonic a devenit tot mai mare. La baza acestei situatii sta in primul rand costul mare de intretinere si exploatare al aparatelor supersonice, cat si necesitatea ca un astfel de aparat sa aiba capabilitati STOL, sa fie usor de intretinut, sa aiba capacitatea de a survola o anumita zona timp indelungat si o viteza de croaziera mica. Toate aceste cerinte fac improprie folosirea unor aparate supersonice sau transonice cu reactie, aparatele echipate cu motoare turbo probulsoare impunandu-se in acest segment. Multe din aceste aparate permit si antrenamentul avansat al pilotilor pentru trecerea pe aparate cu reactie.
Iata o trecere in revista a celor mai utilizate aparate.
Embraer EMB 314 Super Tucano
General characteristics
Crew: One pilot on single seat version, one pilot plus one navigator/student on double seat version
Payload: 1,550 kg (3,420 lb)
Length: 11.42 m (37 ft 6 in)
Wingspan: 11.14 m (36 ft 7 in)
Height: 3.9 m (12 ft 9.5 in)
Wing area: 19.4 m˛ (209 sq ft)
Empty weight: 3,200 kg[109] (7,055 lb)
Max. takeoff weight: 5,400 kg (11,905 lb)
Powerplant: 1 × Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A-68C turboprop, 1,600 hp (1,193 kW)
Performance
Maximum speed: 590 km/h (319 knots, 367 mph)
Cruise speed: 520 km/h (281 knots, 323 mph)
Stall speed: 148 km/h (80 knots, 92 mph
g-limits: +7/-3.5 g)
Range: 720 nmi (827 mi, 1,330 km)
Combat radius: 550 km (300 nmi, 342 mi) (hi-lo-hi profile, 1,500 kg (3,300 lb) of external stores)[110]
Ferry range: 1,541 nmi (1,774 mi, 2,855 km) [111]
Endurance: 8hrs 40mins[111]
Service ceiling: 10,668 m (35,000 ft)
Rate of climb: 24 m/s (79 ft/s)
Armament
Guns:
Internal: (2x) 12.7 mm (0.50 in) FN Herstal M3P machine guns in wings.
pod: (1x) 20 mm (0.79 in) GIAT M20A1 cannon below the fuselage.[112]
Hardpoints: 5 (two under each wing and one under fuselage centreline) with a capacity of 1,550 kg (3,300 lb)
Rockets:
(4x) pods 70 mm (2.75 in) LM-70/19[118](SBAT-70[119][120])
(4x) pods 70 mm (2.75 in) LAU-68A/G[121]
Missiles:
Air-to-air:
AIM-9L Siderwinder
MAA-1A Piranha
Python 3
Python 4
Air-to-ground:
AGM-65 Maverick[118]
Bombs:
General-purpose bombs:
Mk 81
Mk 82
M-117[113]
Incendiary bombs:
BINC-300[114]
Cluster bombs:
BLG-252
Precision-guided bombs:
SMKB-82[115] – Mectron/Britanite INS/GPS guidance kit for Mk 82.
GBU-54[116]
GBU-38[116]
GBU-39[116]
Paveway II[117]
Lizard – Elbit laser guidance kit.
Griffin – IAI laser guidance kit.
Others:
Chaff & Flare (countermeasures)
FLIR AN/AAQ-22 Star SAFIRE II (Electro-Optical/Infrared Sensors)
Avionics
MIL-STD-1553[122] standards.
NVG ANVIS-9 (Night Vision)
CCIP / CCRP / CCIL / DTOS / LCOS / SSLC (Computerized Attack Modes)[113]
R&S{RT} M3AR VHF/UHF airborne transceiver (two-way encrypted[123] Data Link provision)[124]
HUD / HOTAS
HMD with UFCP(Up Front Control Panel)
Laser INS with GPS Navigational System.
CMFD(Colored Multi-Function Display) liquid crystal active matrix
Integrated Radio Communication and Navigation
Video Camera/Recorder
Automatic Pilot with embedded mission planning capability
Stormscope WX-1000E (Airborne weather mapping system)
Laser Range Finder
WiPak[125] Support – (Wi-Fi integration for Paveway bombs).
Training and Operation Support System (TOSS).[126][127]
Unit cost $9-14 million[2]
$430-500/hour (Operational Cost)
FMA IA 58 Pucará
General characteristics
Crew: 2
Capacity: 2
Length: 14.25 m (46 ft 9 in)
Wingspan: 14.5 m (47 ft 6 in)
Height: 5.36 m (17 ft 7 in)
Wing area: 30.3 m2 (326.16 ft2)
Empty weight: 4,020 kg (8,862 lb)
Gross weight: 6,800 kg (14,991 lb)
Powerplant: 2 × Turbomeca Astazou XVIG turboprops, 729 kW (978 hp) each each
Performance
Maximum speed: 500 km/h (310 mph)
Cruising speed: 430 km/h (267 mph)
Range: 3,710 km (2,305 miles)
Service ceiling: 10,000 m (31,800 ft)
Armament
2 × 20 mm Hispano-Suiza HS.804 autocannons
4 × 7.62 mm FN Browning machine guns
3 × hardpoints for up to 1,500 kg (3,300 lb) of gun pods, bombs, rockets, mines, or torpedoes
Pilatus PC-21
General characteristics
Crew: Two (student & instructor)
Length: 11.233 m (36 ft 11 in)
Wingspan: 9.108 m (29 ft 11 in)
Height: 3.749 m (12 ft 4 in)
Wing area: 15.221 m˛ (163.848 ft˛)
Empty weight: 2,270 kg (5,005 lb)
Max. takeoff weight: 3,100 kg (aerobatic) / 4,250 kg (utility) (6,834 lb (aerobatic) / 9,370 lb (utility))
Powerplant: 1 × Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A-68B Turboprop engine, 1,200 kW (1,600 shp)
Performance
Maximum speed: 685 km/h (370 knots, 428 mph)
Stall speed: 170 km/h (92 knots, 106.25 mph) gear and flaps up (20 km/h less with flaps and gear down)
Range: 1,333 km (720 nm, 828 miles)
Service ceiling: 11,580 m (38,000 ft)
Rate of climb: 1,219 m/min (4,000 ft/min)
Wing loading: 208 kg/m˛ (42.7 lb/ft˛)
Power/mass: 0.39 kW/kg (0.23 hp/lb)
Armament
Hardpoints: Provisions provided for 4× under-wing and 1× centerline external store stations, capable of mounting up to 1,150 kg (2,500 lb) of payload of air-to-ground weapons to operate in the Counter-insurgency role.
Vecini nostri Turcia si Serbia au dezvoltat la randul lor doua astfel de aparate aflate in faza de prototip:
TAI Hürkuş
General characteristics
Crew: one
Capacity: one passenger
Length: 11.17 m (36 ft 8 in)
Wingspan: 9.96 m (32 ft 8 in)
Height: 3.70 m (12 ft 2 in)
Powerplant: 1 × Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A-68T turboprop aircraft engine, 1,200 kW (1,600 shp)
Propellers: 5-bladed Hartzell HC-B5MA-3
Performance
Cruise speed: 574 km/h; 357 mph (310 kn)
Stall speed: 143 km/h; 89 mph (77 kn)
Range: 1,478 km; 918 mi (798 nmi) at 15000 ft (4572 m)
Endurance: 4.25 hours at 15000 ft (4572 m)
Service ceiling: 10,577 m (34,700 ft)
G limits: +7/-3.5
Rate of climb: 22.2 m/s (4,370 ft/min)
Utva Kobac
Primul zbor programat in 2013
Voi mentiona si aparatul polonez de antrenament PZL-130 Orlik care are unele capabilitati CO-IN
PZL-130 Orlik
General characteristics
Crew: 2: student, instructor
Length: 9.30 m ()
Wingspan: 10.00 m ()
Height: 3.53 m ()
Wing area: 14.56 m˛ ()
Empty weight: 1,825 kg ()
Loaded weight: 2,400 kg ()
Max. takeoff weight: 2,950 kg ()
Powerplant: 1 × Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A-25C turboprop, 750 hp ()
Performance
Maximum speed: 550 km/h
Cruise speed: 480-500 km/h
Range: 2,200 km ()
Service ceiling: 10.000m ()
Armament
Hardpoints: 6 under-wing pylons with a capacity of 700 kg
Unul mai frumos decat celalalt 🙂
Sursa: Wikipedia
Sorin Romescu